Squint surgery, also known as strabismus surgery, is a surgical procedure performed to correct the misalignment of the eyes, a condition known as strabismus or squint. Strabismus occurs when the eyes do not align properly, causing one eye to point in a different direction from the other. This misalignment can lead to issues with binocular vision, depth perception, and visual function.
During squint surgery, the ophthalmic surgeon aims to realign the eyes by adjusting the extraocular muscles responsible for eye movement. These muscles control the position and movement of the eyes, allowing them to work together in a coordinated manner. By surgically modifying the length or position of these muscles, the surgeon can restore proper alignment of the eyes and improve visual function.
The procedure typically begins with the administration of general anesthesia to ensure the patient's comfort and relaxation during surgery. Once the patient is anesthetized, the surgeon makes small incisions in the tissues surrounding the eye to access the extraocular muscles. Using specialized instruments and techniques, the surgeon adjusts the tension or position of the muscles as needed to achieve the desired alignment.
The specific surgical approach may vary depending on the type and severity of the strabismus. For example, in cases of esotropia (inward deviation of the eye), the surgeon may strengthen or reposition the lateral rectus muscle on the outer side of the eye. Conversely, in cases of exotropia (outward deviation of the eye), the medial rectus muscle on the inner side of the eye may be adjusted.
In addition to correcting the misalignment of the eyes, squint surgery can also improve the cosmetic appearance of the eyes, particularly in cases where the misalignment is noticeable or causes self-consciousness. By aligning the eyes, squint surgery can help enhance the patient's overall facial symmetry and self-esteem.
Following squint surgery, patients typically experience some discomfort, swelling, and bruising around the eyes, which usually resolves within a few days. Recovery time varies depending on the complexity of the surgery and individual healing factors. Most patients can return to normal activities within a few weeks, although strenuous activities and contact sports may need to be avoided for a longer period.
Overall, squint surgery is highly effective in correcting misalignment of the eyes and improving visual function and appearance. It is important for patients to undergo a thorough preoperative evaluation by an ophthalmologist to determine the most appropriate surgical approach and to discuss the potential risks and benefits of the procedure. Regular follow-up appointments are essential to monitor healing and ensure optimal outcomes following squint surgery.